The origin of the jade name

There are several kinds of sayings about the name of the jadeite. One is from the bird name. The bird feather is very bright. The male feather is red. The name is ostrich (also known as red feather bird). The female feather is green. The famous kingfisher (also known as green feather) Birds, collectively known as jade, therefore, there are rumors in the industry, and Cui is the mother. When the Ming Dynasty was introduced to China in the Ming Dynasty, it was named "Jade". Another said that the ancient "Cui" specifically refers to the green jade produced in Hetian, Xinjiang. After the jade was introduced to China, it was called "Nu Cui" in order to distinguish it from Hetian Tianlv, and later evolved into "Jade".

In ancient China, jade is a kind of bird living in the south. The color of the coat is very beautiful, usually with blue, green, red, brown and other colors. Generally, the male of the bird is red, which is called "ç¿¡", and the female is green, which is called "cui". Chen Ziang, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in the poem "Feeling": "The emerald nest in the South China Sea, the male and female pearl forests... the jewels of the glory, the koi koi." Means: This kind of bird named Emerald is in the South China Sea. Binding nests, both male and female pairs inhabit the jungle, the beautiful flight can be made into dazzling road decoration, and the bedding decorated with it is also colorful.

The name of the jade has been in existence for a long time. The Northern Song Dynasty Ouyang Xiu’s "Return to the Field" volume II: "Yu (Ouyang Xiu) has a jade-like family, which is very ancient and exquisite, and the original Meisheng Yu, thought Jasper. In Chenzhou, taste Demonstration of the genus. Sitting in the terracotta warriors and horses under the jurisdiction of Deng Baoji, Zhenzong dynasty and old ministers, also know, 曰: This treasure is also known as the jade. The banned treasures are hidden in the holy library, there is a jade in the library Therefore, it is also known." It can be seen that "Jade" refers to green jade for a long time, and at the latest in the Northern Song Dynasty, it has been regarded as a treasure. Perhaps the ancient "Jade" and the "Jade" of the same name have the same name, so Ji Xiaoyu said that when he was young, the time "do not look at it." (Note: Ouyang Xiu's "Return to the Field" is contained in "The Complete Works of Ouyang Wenzhonggong", Volumes 126 and 127)

Emerald is a pyroxene type, monoclinic system, and two groups are completely cleavage. The main composition is sodium aluminum silicate NaAl9 (Si2O6), which contains more than 50% sodium aluminum silicate in gemstone ore, which is regarded as jadeite, and is produced in metamorphic rock formation formed under low temperature and high pressure. Often associated with blue amphibole, muscovite, hard pillar (dihydrate feldspar), vermiculite and quartz. The Mohs hardness is between 6.5 and 7, the specific gravity is between 3.25 and 3.35, and the melting point is between 900 and 1000 °C.

The early jadeite was not expensive, and its value was not high. It was not valued by the world. Ji Xiaotong (1724--1805) wrote in the "Notes on Reading the Cottage": "The weight of the cover is different from the fashion of the time. Also, when you remember the rest, ginseng, coral, lapis lazuli, the price is not expensive, today is the day .... Yunnan jade jade, at that time not to look at the jade, but as the blue field dry yellow, strong name to Yu ear, Today is a treasure, and the price is far from the real jade." According to "Shi Ya", the emerald stone weighing about 45 kilograms at the beginning of this century was worth eleven pounds. There is no shortage of essence in the jade stone, and the price is very expensive at that time, but compared with the one kilogram of jadeite in the early 21st century, it is almost a small witch. (According to: According to the record of Ouyang Xiu's "Return to the Field", at the latest in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jadeite was the name of the green treasure jade, which was forbidden in the treasure. Ji Xiaoyu said that it may be another jade.)

The mining, transportation, processing and sales of jadeite have always been done by people in Yunnan. In a Chinese-style ancient temple in the ancient city of Amo, in the ancient capital of Myanmar, the inscription on the inscription is engraved with the names of 5,000 Chinese jade merchants, which are also introduced in Yuyuan and jewelry. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the senior officials of the eunuch were stationed in Baoshan Tengchong to purchase jewelry. At that time, it was known as “Jade Road” and “Baojing Road” from Yongchang Tengyue to Myanmar’s Myitkyina. Tengchong to Myanmar's business roads are most prosperous, with more than 20,000 horses walking through it every day. Tengchong's jewelry transactions account for almost 90% of the world's jade trade. By 1950, more than 300,000 overseas Chinese in Tengchong County had been in Myanmar. To this day, Yunnan people have tens of thousands of people engaged in the jade industry in Myanmar.

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