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In ancient Greece and ancient Rome, both the king and the queen believed that sapphire could protect its owner from shackles and injuries; in the Middle Ages, clerics wore sapphires, symbolizing heaven, while the general public believed that sapphire attracted blessings from heaven; In the historical period, in other countries and regions, people used sapphire as a symbol of chastity. It also possessed the power of enemies to become a jade, affecting the spiritual world and revealing the secrets of the gods.
In folklore, history, art and consumer consciousness, sapphire is always associated with blue. Its name comes from the Greek Sappheiros and was once referred to as lapis lazuli. Most jewellery consumers always think that all sapphires are blue, and for gemstone jewelry experts, when the word sapphire Sapphire appears alone or in use, it refers to blue sapphires.
A special orange-pink sapphire is called "Papaparacha, Padparadscha", which means "Lotus" in Sri Lankan Sinhalese. Only the orange-pink sapphires produced in Sri Lanka can be named "Papaparacha, Padparadscha" on the market. No one in history has been able to sell the exact amount of Paparaca, but Sri Lankans have a soft spot for this color, and it has some intimate emotional connection with their country.
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The sapphire English name is Sapphire, which is derived from the Latin Sphins, meaning blue. It belongs to the corundum mineral and the trigonal system. The gemstones refer to the gem-quality corundums other than rubies as sapphires.
The mineral name of sapphire is corundum, which is a corundum mineral. In fact, in the natural world, the gem-quality corundum, in addition to the red called ruby, the other colors such as blue, light blue, green, yellow, gray, colorless, etc., are called sapphire, or called sapphire, that is, Sapphire is preceded by a color name such as pink sapphire.
The chemical composition of sapphire (AL2O3) is mainly Fe, Ti, and coloration. Corundum contains blue, azure, light blue and other trace elements due to the inclusion of trace elements such as iron (Fe) and titanium (Ti), among which royal blue and cornflower color are the best.
In the case of curved face grinding, which is rich in three sets of inclusions parallel to the bottom surface and oriented, it can be called "star sapphire" when it produces beautiful six-shot starlight.
Blue sapphire
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Blue gem-grade corundum. The coloring elements are iron and titanium, the iron is relatively dark black, and the titanium is relatively light blue. According to the depth and intensity of blue, it is divided into blue, the best of which is cornflower blue, which is the thick blue with a slight purple color.
Green sapphire
Green corundum gemstones. In the 19th century, it was thought to be emerald, but it was called Eastern emerald. It is green due to iron, cobalt and vanadium. For all corundums, green sapphire has the best luster and particle quality rarely exceeds a few carats. It is similar in color to green tourmaline and green zircon. The finest green sapphire is produced in Tanzania. The existing green synthetic corundum has a brighter natural color.
Yellow sapphire
Also known as the topaz in business. A variant of yellow gem-grade corundum. The color is from light yellow to canary yellow, golden, honey yellow and light brown, the best in golden yellow. Yellow is generally associated with the presence of iron oxide. In addition to citrine, the yellow sapphire canary is not common among other gems. The world's largest natural yellow sapphire is produced in Sri Lanka and weighs 46.5 carats. It is golden yellow and has an elliptical cut. The gemstone is pure inside and has a strong anti-fire effect.
Purple sapphire
Purple corundum gemstone. Purple can be changed to light red purple or purple pink, or tend to blue purple, red purple and so on. Light purple sapphires may disappear after being heated to a high temperature; deep purple is heated to give a beautiful rose color.
Pink sapphire and pink orange sapphire
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Pure pink sapphire is caused by a small amount of chromium, and with the increase of chromium content to form a continuous range of ruby ​​color, a very small amount of iron may produce a powder orange gemstone, called Padma corundum, iron and titanium Impurities together may form purple gems. Pink sapphire is often cut into longitudinal sections.
Colorless sapphire
Colorless sapphire, meaning completely transparent, colorless sapphires. A completely transparent, colorless sapphire. There are no pigment ions in the composition. Colorless sapphires are available in light yellow tones and are mainly produced in Sri Lanka and Myanmar. Colorless sapphire Colorless sapphire is a colorless sapphire with few impurities and very pure. The gemstones are commonly known as "white treasure".
Star sapphire
Starlight sapphire is mostly indigo, gray, blue-gray. In the gemstone, three sets of densely arranged silk-like inclusions and straight ribbons intersecting at 60 degrees and 120 degrees can be seen with the naked eye. The formation of starlight is due to the reflection of light from the three sets of orientations. There are bright spots in the center of the starlight, and the star lines are tapered toward the edges. Since the bottom surface of the natural star sapphire is not polished, a straight or intersecting ribbon and a stepped small crack plane can be seen. The luster of the star sapphire is bright and the hand squat has a heavy feeling.
The "Starlight" sapphire is as clear and transparent as the blue sky of the Indian Ocean, and is known as the best in sapphire.
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