Australian cotton or will become an important raw material for China's textile

Expected increase in production growth

All along, Australia is one of the world’s largest cotton exporters, and almost all of Australia’s cotton is used for export. The main export destination countries are China, Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand, India, and Turkey. In recent years, with the transformation and upgrading of China's cotton textile industry, the demand for high-quality cotton continues to increase. With its quality, Australian cotton is favored by Chinese textile companies.

According to the statistics of the General Administration of Customs, from 2011 to 2015, China's total imports of Australian cotton were about 3 million tons, accounting for about 20% of the total imports from the world, a substantial increase from 2011. In 2015, Australia produced 523,000 tons of cotton and the net export volume was approximately 609,000 tons. From January to February of this year, China imported 20,200 tons of cotton from Australia, a substantial increase of 668% year-on-year, which is basically the same as the amount of cotton imported from India, Brazil, and the United States. It is the only import source among the top five source countries imported. Year-on-year growth.

In 2015/2016, the quality of domestic cotton declined, and there was a gap in demand for high-quality cotton. In order to ensure high-quality spinning, Australian cotton will continue to receive high attention. Since the entry into force of the China-Australia FTA, trade exchanges between the two countries have entered a new phase, and there will be greater cooperation in textile raw materials and textiles in the future.

According to reports, Australia's precipitation is not stable, which has a large impact on cotton production. The area planted this year is basically the same. Looking at current weather conditions, it is expected that the output will increase by about 10% year-on-year. The increase in production is mainly due to the increase in production this year. As of mid-April, Australia's national cotton harvesting progress has exceeded 25%.

Morley is one of Australia's main cotton producing areas. At present, the quality of cotton in the region is better than last year. The cotton that has been picked and processed is mostly one to two, and the length of cotton, horse value and color grade are all better. In the northern region, due to more rain, the number of cottons picked and processed in the early stages was mostly at level 4.

Lower planting costs, higher processing costs

Australia's cotton fields are owned by farmers, and there are approximately 800 cotton households nationwide. The Australian cotton planted three varieties each year, and each year, one new breed is selected for trial or improvement based on the original variety. Compared with other crops, cotton is more competitive. Therefore, when arranging for planting, farmers will leave the most fertile land for cotton. Even if it is not a suitable year for cotton cultivation, it would prefer to leave the land idle and not change crops. Other crops.

The average yield of Australian cotton is basically similar to the yield of Xinjiang Corps in China. Due to the fact that the cotton planting species are very concentrated and the same species is planted in large areas, the same production model is adopted, so the consistency of Australian cotton is very strong. From the land preparation, sowing, watering, fertilizing, spraying, to harvesting, transportation, processing, and packaging, the Australian cotton has been mechanized with low manpower investment. The picking is performed by mechanical picking. The efficiency is very high, and the per capita planting area of ​​some farms can be It has reached nearly 10,000 mu, and the planting cost is relatively low. For example, there are less than 40 laborers in 500,000 mu farms. The picking machine will also roll seed cotton at the same time. Each round will have about 2.2 tons of seed cotton. The transporter can transport 12 rolls, ie about 26.4 tons of seed cotton, to the ginning plant at a time.

The processing costs of Australian cotton are relatively high. For example, the wages of ginners' workers are about RMB 150 per hour. In addition to processing, the ginners need to pay some additional fees for cotton farmers, so the total cost of ginning is higher than in China. According to the current exchange rate, the processing cost of Australian cotton is more than 1,700 yuan per ton, and the cost of processed lint is about 10,000 yuan per ton.

Inspection agency unofficially takes bag sampling

Australia Cotton's non-government inspection agencies use fees. It is up to the ginning factory to decide which inspection agency to send the processed lint to. All Australian cotton will be tested during the sales period. The Australian cotton test adopts bags for sampling. The cotton samples taken are divided into three parts. When the results of the three tests are different, the labeling is based on the principle of “low on high”. For color-level tests, when HIV instruments and manual visual inspections are disagreements, the results are based on manual visual inspection.

According to the comparison test conducted by inspection agencies, under the same storage time, the higher the color level is, the more obvious the degradation of the color level after long-term storage, but the smaller the effect on use. The experimental results show that compared with the color grade, the cotton internal index is more valuable for spinnability.

Diverse sales model The government attaches great importance

There are about 20 cotton traders in Australia. The cotton sales are mainly in three modes: first, pre-planting, for customers with stable long-term cooperative relationships, and even selling cotton after three years; second, directly after picking by cotton farmers. Sales of seed cotton; third, cotton farmers after processing seed cotton into lint, according to the detection indicators for sale, either directly to traders, but also through the ** market for sales. The sales of the first two models are first priced based on the benchmark level, and then the premium is based on the actual delivery quality. The third model is based on actual quality indicators.

It is understood that there is no government subsidy for the cultivation of Australian cotton, but the government attaches great importance to cotton research and technology promotion work. Production and scientific research are closely integrated. The government has officials responsible for the promotion of cotton technology in all cotton-producing areas, so new varieties and new Technology can be quickly applied in cotton production. The government pays a certain amount of "improved cotton seeds**" based on the sales volume of cotton as a fund for research and improvement of cotton seeds. There is only one cotton seed company in Australia. In terms of planting commercial insurance, the damage caused by hail is underwritten, but there is no guarantee for flood damage.