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Introduction
Hemp fibers are fibers obtained from various hemp plants, including bast fibers of annual or perennial herbaceous dicotyledonous cortex and leaf fibers of monocotyledons. The gradual introduction of flax into Europe from Egypt made Europe an important producer of linen. Hemp fiber is taken from the plant skin or leaves of the skin fiber, the fiber is longer and thicker, and uneven thickness, with good strength. Hemp fiber is cellulose fiber, according to its performance can be divided into 2 categories, one is from the plant leaf sheath or leaf sheath stripped from the fiber bundle, rough texture, such as sisal, ramie, due to its large and strong Strong water resistance, generally used only for the production of ropes, fishing nets, etc., and the other is the skin fiber removed from the plant stems, texture is relatively soft, called soft fibers. Soft fibers are distinguished by the amount of lignin. The texture with more lignin is more rigid, suitable for making sacks, ropes, etc., such as kenaf, jute and so on. The texture with less wood quality is soft and can be used as a raw material for textiles such as linen and ramie.
The chemical composition of hemp fiber is mainly cellulose, but also contains gum, moisture wood, wax and so on.
The main performance
1. Length and line density
The single fiber length of the hemp fiber is: the length of the hemp is 50-120 mm, the length of the linen is 17-25 mm, the length of the hemp is 2-4 mm, and the length of the hemp is 2-6 mm. The monofilament linear density of the hemp fiber is about 0.91 to 0.4 tex for ramie, about 0.29 tex for flax, and about 10 to 28 mm μm for jute. The bundled fibers obtained after initial processing, such as flax, are then subjected to combing to become a process fiber suitable for spinning. The linear density of the process fiber is related to the type of hemp fiber, the degree of degumming, and the number of combing.
2. Strength and flexibility
Hemp fiber is the fiber with the strongest strength and the smallest elongation among natural fibers. The breaking length of ramie can reach 40-55km, while that of ramie, flax and jute is about 2%-4%, 3%, and 3% respectively. The unisexuality of the fibers is poor, and the linen fabrics are easily wrinkled.
3. Hygroscopicity
Hemp fiber has strong moisture absorption capacity, among which, the moisture absorption of jute is the largest, and the moisture regain can reach about 14% under normal atmospheric conditions. In addition, the hemp fiber absorbs moisture and disperses moisture quickly, so the fabric is cool and comfortable to wear in summer.
4. Acid and alkali resistance
Hemp fiber, like cotton, is more alkali-tolerant and acid-resistant. In concentrated sulfuric acid, ramie will swell and dissolve.
5. Other properties
The hemp fiber has a high initial modulus, a rough feel, and is resistant to sunlight and electrical insulation, but the heat resistance of the ramie and flax is not as good as that of the cotton fiber.
species
There are two types of bast fibers and leaf fibers, so hemp fibers are the general name of bast fibers and leaf fibers.
Bast fibers: The fibers in the inner bundle of the phloem of dicotyledonous stems. Such as: ramie, flax, jute, hemp, ramie, castor, apocynum, etc.
Leaf fibers: Leaf sheaths of monocotyledons and vascular bundle fibers within the leaf culms, such as sisal, abaca, pineapple, etc.
There are a large number of plant species belonging to hemp species, and there are more than a dozen varieties used for textiles. The ramie and flax in the bast fiber are excellent hemp seeds. The fiber has no lignification, high strength, small elongation, soft and slender, and good spinnability, and is a good material for weaving summer clothes. The fabric weaved with them is crisp, sweat-absorbent, non-fitting, breathable and cool.
Jute, marijuana, kenaf and other fibers are thick and short and are suitable for packaging materials: sacks, twine, etc.
For leaf fibers, economically useful varieties are mainly sisal and abaca. These fibers are relatively rigid and are also referred to as hard fibers. Because the fiber cell walls have been lignified, the length is longer and the elongation is smaller. Good strength, corrosion resistance, resistance to seawater immersion, commonly used for ropes used for sailing boats and mines, rough hemp sacks or packaging cloths, the appearance of synthetic fibers, the gradual replacement of hemp ropes, textiles of this type Almost no use, so no further introduction here.
The use of hemp fiber has been in China for thousands of years. Ramie fiber has been used as a raw material for textiles (Chinese grass) since 4,000 BC. The Egyptians have used linen fiber for more than 8,000 years and have applied hemp. It is much earlier than cotton, and the hemp spinning equipment is close to the wool spinning equipment.
Features
Hemp fiber has other fiber incomparable advantages: has a good moisture absorption and humidity and breathable function, heat and heat fast, cool and crisp, sweating is not personal, light texture, strong, pest control, mildew, static electricity, fabric is not easy to pollution , soft and generous colors, rough, suitable for human skin excretion and secretion. Its ultraviolet shielding function and antibacterial function are all tested and authenticated by authoritative organizations in China. However, because of its poor elasticity, poor wrinkle resistance and abrasion resistance, and prickle sensation, the variety development of hemp fibers has been limited. However, with the development of various pre-processing and post-processing technologies, some of its natural defects have been greatly improved. Studies have shown that hemp fiber is the most potential natural fiber among numerous textile fibers. Hemp fiber has always been one of the important textile fibers in China and enjoys a good reputation in the world.
The use of features: 1, no environmental pollution, improve mixture mixing performance. Is an excellent substitute for asbestos fibers. 2, cheap, only one 30th of Fanglun fiber.
3. It can improve the mixing performance of inorganic fibers in asbestos substitutes. Reduce the amount of aromatic fibers and reduce the cost of non-asbestos friction.For more content, please follow this site
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