I heard that "pigeon blood red" and "royal blue" have new standards!

The two state-of-the-art laboratories based in Switzerland, Gübelin GemLab in Gübel and SSEF in the Swiss Gemological Institute, issued a document on the 5th of this month, agreeing to coordinate the color terms "Pigeon Blood Red" and "Royal Blue". Standard, this behavior is intended to standardize the international color gem trade color description.

About "Big Blood Red" and "Royal Blue"

“Dove Blood Red” and “Royal Blue” have been used in the gem trade for centuries as a term for color description. Only the red sapphire, the highest quality gems with this unique color get this title, so these gems are the most coveted natural treasure.

Subtle differences in the grading of red sapphire colors in laboratories around the world

Has been plagued by colored gem trade

Although people are aware that these two terms are used to describe specific saturation colors in high-quality red sapphire, until now, the international market has not reached a clear agreement on the precise color range and quality standards of the two. .

Despite this, due to market demand, Gemological Laboratories has recently begun to use these in the reports issued. However, because international standards have not been established, some reports not only use these terms extensively to describe gems, but often appear ambiguous. This trend affects the historical connotations of these two terms.

Initially, SSEF and Gullenberg each independently graded the color of the red sapphire according to their respective criteria. Now, in order to make the jewelry industry more transparent, the two laboratories have teamed up to match their standards and reached the greatest degree of agreement: some minor changes will appear in the reports of the two laboratories.

The new standard is as follows:

Color standard Colour Criteria

"Dove Blood Red" and "Royal Blue" must be referred to as rich, saturated, even red or blue. The exact hue, saturation, and hue range are based on the results of the color stone comparison.

"Dove Blood Red" refers to saturated red, without color correction, such as blue or brown, and a few purple tones can be rated as "pigeon blood red." Under the ultraviolet light, the "pigeon red" ruby ​​will show strong fluorescence. This fluorescence is derived from the high chromium content and low iron content of ruby, which causes the ruby ​​to have “inner glow” – a perception that is appreciated by ruby ​​connoisseurs.

Historically, only the rubies produced in Mugu Valley in Myanmar can be described as "pigeon blood red", while the ruby ​​iron content of Mogok is often low. However, in addition to the Mugu Valley in Myanmar, other parts of Myanmar, as well as other countries in the world, have found low-iron rubies. The pigeon blood red is no longer confined to Mugu Valley in Myanmar. Despite this, most rubies from outside Myanmar often have higher concentrations of iron, which inhibit fluorescence and therefore do not meet laboratory standards.

"Royal Blue" refers to a saturated blue color that can be either a blue or a slightly purple hue. Historically, "Royal Blue" was used for the best quality sapphire produced in Meguro, Myanmar, but nowadays, sapphire in the description of "Royal Blue" can also be found in Madagascar and Sri Lanka.

Quality Criteria

The terms "pigeon red" and "royal blue" can only be used to describe red sapphires that exhibit good quality. These red sapphires must be processed without any color or clarity.

Ratings are not available via any processed red sapphire (including heating, filling, etc.). In addition, these gemstones must be relatively clean and have no dark inclusions when viewed by the naked eye. Gemstones must exhibit uniform color and vivid internal reflection.

There is no limit to the size of the gemstone, which means that the red sapphire with a small carat can also receive the ratings of "Big Blood Red" and "Royal Blue".

Both Gullenberg and SSEF have agreed to harmonize standards and test the identification process. Based on decades of experience and research, equally rigorous and clear standards will enable the two laboratories to use terminology responsibly and meaningfully in trade.

Dr. Michael Krzemnicki, Chairman of SSEF, said: “By harmonizing standards, the two laboratories have been able to provide uniform and consistent guidelines for the gem trade, which is historic.”

Daniel Nyfeler, general manager of the Gullell laboratory, said: "Obviously, under such strict standards, only a few outstanding quality red sapphires are eligible for these titles."

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